For many people, the day doesn’t begin until after their first cup of coffee. But is it healthy to drink coffee on an empty stomach?
According to health experts, it’s generally safe for most people—but there are a few things to consider.
“Some individuals may experience digestive discomfort, like acidity or heartburn, because of coffee’s naturally acidic properties,” said Lauren Manaker, a registered dietitian and nutrition expert.
Drinking coffee with food can reduce these effects by slowing caffeine absorption. Registered dietitian nutritionist Amy Brownstein suggests adding dairy or plant-based milk to lessen acidity and protect the stomach lining.
Another concern is how coffee affects appetite. “Having coffee before breakfast may suppress hunger, making it harder to eat a balanced meal early in the day,” Brownstein explained. Over time, this could lead to lower energy levels and nutrient intake, especially if it becomes a regular habit.
Coffee on an empty stomach may also cause blood sugar to spike and drop, which can result in fatigue, irritability, and increased hunger. This is especially important for people with diabetes or insulin sensitivity. Adding milk or consuming food with coffee can help prevent these fluctuations, experts say.
Caffeine’s quick absorption without food can also intensify feelings of anxiety or jitteriness, particularly in those sensitive to caffeine.
“If you notice negative side effects, try having a small snack or breakfast with your coffee,” Manaker advised. She also recommends starting your day with a glass of room-temperature water to stay hydrated before your morning brew.
The bottom line: For most people, drinking coffee on an empty stomach isn’t harmful, but it may cause issues like stomach discomfort, blood sugar swings, or increased anxiety. If that’s the case, consider pairing your coffee with food—and always pay attention to how your body responds.
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